Standardize Display Math Block Spacing

Inline-jammed display block promoted to standalone

An equation written \[ ... \] in the middle of a sentence rendered inline. Target dollar lifts it onto its own block with blank lines.

BEFORE:
The partition function \[ Z = \sum_i e^{-\beta E_i} \] governs everything.

TARGET: dollar

AFTER:
The partition function 
$$ Z = \sum_i e^{-\beta E_i} $$
 governs everything.

Two adjacent display blocks stay separate

Non-greedy matching converts each \[...\] independently, so consecutive equations don't merge into one block.

BEFORE:
\[ a = b + c \]
\[ d = e - f \]

TARGET: dollar

AFTER:

$$ a = b + c $$


$$ d = e - f $$

Inline and display normalized together

One pass keeps the two roles distinct: \(...\) becomes inline $...$, \[...\] becomes a standalone $$ block.

BEFORE:
For a particle of mass \(m\), the energy is
\[ E = \tfrac{1}{2} m v^2 \]
at speed v.

TARGET: dollar

AFTER:
For a particle of mass $m$, the energy is

$$ E = \tfrac{1}{2} m v^2 $$

at speed v.

Existing $$ block is NOT re-spaced

A cramped $$...$$ with no blank lines around it is left exactly as-is — the tool only adds blank lines to blocks it converts from \[...\].

BEFORE:
Text before.
$$ x = y $$
Text after.

TARGET: dollar

AFTER (unchanged — add blank lines manually if needed):
Text before.
$$ x = y $$
Text after.

Display equation in a code sample is preserved

A typesetting how-to that shows \[...\] inside a fenced block. The fence is skipped, so the example keeps its original delimiters.

BEFORE:
Display math uses \[ ... \], for example:
```markdown
\[ \oint \vec{E}\cdot d\vec{A} = \frac{Q}{\epsilon_0} \]
```

TARGET: dollar

AFTER:
Display math uses 
$$  ... $$
, for example:
```markdown
\[ \oint \vec{E}\cdot d\vec{A} = \frac{Q}{\epsilon_0} \]
```

The blank-line standalone treatment is applied only when converting \[...\] on the dollar target. A pre-existing $$...$$ that is cramped against prose is left as-is. If it renders inline, add the surrounding blank lines manually or run a formatting pass with md-prettifier.

Converting $$...$$ to \[...\] (the tex target) does not add blank lines around the new block. If your destination needs isolated display math, the dollar direction is the one that adds blank lines; for the tex direction, insert them by hand.

Only \[...\] and $$...$$ are recognized as display math. An AMS \begin{equation}...\end{equation} is left untouched and won't be wrapped in blank lines. Convert it to delimiters first if your renderer needs block treatment.

If you run the tex target on already-dollar content that also contains stray single $ in prose, the inline rule may pair a real display-adjacent dollar with a prose dollar. Prefer the dollar target for display-block normalization; reserve tex for clean inputs.

Inline backtick spans are not protected. A ` \[x\] shown inline will be converted (and gain blank lines), which usually breaks the surrounding code. Move display-math examples into ``` fenced blocks.

~~~ fences aren't recognized by the skip logic, so a display equation inside one is promoted to a $$ block. Use triple-backtick fences for any block that must stay verbatim.

The tool moves delimiters and adds outer blank lines but never reformats the equation's internals — \\ line breaks, & alignment markers, and inner spaces are kept exactly. Layout inside the block is your responsibility.

If a \[ opens before a ``` fence and \]` closes after it, the fence-splitting breaks the segment and the block won't convert cleanly. Keep each display equation entirely outside code fences.

Over 500,000 characters on Free, the document is blocked. A long methods-heavy chapter can hit this — upgrade to Pro (5,000,000) or split the file with md-splitter before normalizing.